FreeBSD を使い始めて 10 年以上経ちました。
初めて挑戦した頃のバージョンが 2.2.5 で、当時は Google 等の検索エンジンに頼ることも出来ないので、リンクを追いかけてドキュメントやコメントを見つけるか、書籍から少しずつ吸収してスキルアップを図りました。
FreeBSD との出会いがまた特殊で、私が当時出入りしていたチャットルームで仲良くなった大学生に細かく教えてもらったことがきっかけです。
インストールを紹介する書籍では、"カスタムモード" でインストールする方法はあまり見掛けたことはありませんが、教わったきっかけも関係しているのか、カスタムモードでしかインストールしたことがなく、kernel 再構築 は必ず行い続けてきました。
もちろん、バージョンが上がるにつれて kernel 再構築が必ずしも必要ではなくなることが増えてきたことも把握しています。
しかしながら、サービスで利用する機器は今でも必ず再構築して余分なデバイスやオプションはすべてカットし、シェイプアップした kernel を使用しています。GENERIC と比べれば 50 – 60% 程度のサイズと記憶しています。
ここでは、radserv 向けにカスタマイズした kernel conf ファイルを紹介します。(radserv X, radserv XG1+ 兼用 / i386 / 7.1-RELEASE)
#cpu I486_CPU #cpu I586_CPU cpu I686_CPU ident radserv # To statically compile in device wiring instead of /boot/device.hints #hints "GENERIC.hints" # Default places to look for devices. makeoptions DEBUG=-g # Build kernel with gdb(1) debug symbols options SCHED_ULE # ULE scheduler options PREEMPTION # Enable kernel thread preemption options INET # InterNETworking options INET6 # IPv6 communications protocols options SCTP # Stream Control Transmission Protocol options FFS # Berkeley Fast Filesystem options SOFTUPDATES # Enable FFS soft updates support options UFS_ACL # Support for access control lists options UFS_DIRHASH # Improve performance on big directories options UFS_GJOURNAL # Enable gjournal-based UFS journaling options MD_ROOT # MD is a potential root device options NFSCLIENT # Network Filesystem Client options NFSSERVER # Network Filesystem Server options NFSLOCKD # Network Lock Manager options NFS_ROOT # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCLIENT options MSDOSFS # MSDOS Filesystem options CD9660 # ISO 9660 Filesystem options PROCFS # Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS) options PSEUDOFS # Pseudo-filesystem framework options GEOM_PART_GPT # GUID Partition Tables. options GEOM_LABEL # Provides labelization options COMPAT_43TTY # BSD 4.3 TTY compat [KEEP THIS!] options COMPAT_FREEBSD4 # Compatible with FreeBSD4 options COMPAT_FREEBSD5 # Compatible with FreeBSD5 options COMPAT_FREEBSD6 # Compatible with FreeBSD6 options SCSI_DELAY=5000 # Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI options KTRACE # ktrace(1) support options STACK # stack(9) support options SYSVSHM # SYSV-style shared memory options SYSVMSG # SYSV-style message queues options SYSVSEM # SYSV-style semaphores options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions options KBD_INSTALL_CDEV # install a CDEV entry in /dev options ADAPTIVE_GIANT # Giant mutex is adaptive. options STOP_NMI # Stop CPUS using NMI instead of IPI options AUDIT # Security event auditing #options KDTRACE_HOOKS # Kernel DTrace hooks # To make an SMP kernel, the next two lines are needed options SMP # Symmetric MultiProcessor Kernel device apic # I/O APIC # CPU frequency control device cpufreq options SEMMAP=256 options SEMMNI=256 options SEMMNS=512 options SEMMNU=256 options SEMMSL=128 options SEMOPM=128 options SEMUME=64 options SHMALL=32768 options SHMMAXPGS=65536 options IPFIREWALL options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE # Bus support. #device eisa device pci # Floppy drives device fdc # ATA and ATAPI devices device ata device atadisk # ATA disk drives device ataraid # ATA RAID drives device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives #device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives #device atapist # ATAPI tape drives options ATA_STATIC_ID # Static device numbering # SCSI Controllers # SCSI peripherals device scbus # SCSI bus (required for SCSI) device da # Direct Access (disks) device cd # CD device pass # Passthrough device (direct SCSI access) device ses # SCSI Environmental Services (and SAF-TE) # RAID controllers interfaced to the SCSI subsystem # RAID controllers device aac # Adaptec FSA RAID device aacp # SCSI passthrough for aac (requires CAM) # atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/2 mouse device atkbdc # AT keyboard controller device atkbd # AT keyboard device psm # PS/2 mouse device kbdmux # keyboard multiplexer device vga # VGA video card driver device splash # Splash screen and screen saver support # syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console device sc #device agp # support several AGP chipsets # Power management support (see NOTES for more options) #device apm # Add suspend/resume support for the i8254. device pmtimer # PCCARD (PCMCIA) support # PCMCIA and cardbus bridge support # Serial (COM) ports device sio # 8250, 16[45]50 based serial ports # Parallel port # If you've got a "dumb" serial or parallel PCI card that is # supported by the puc(4) glue driver, uncomment the following # line to enable it (connects to sio, uart and/or ppc drivers): #device puc # PCI Ethernet NICs. device em # Intel PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet Family # PCI Ethernet NICs that use the common MII bus controller code. # Pseudo devices. device loop # Network loopback device random # Entropy device device ether # Ethernet support #device sl # Kernel SLIP #device ppp # Kernel PPP device tun # Packet tunnel. device pty # Pseudo-ttys (telnet etc) device md # Memory "disks" #device gif # IPv6 and IPv4 tunneling #device faith # IPv6-to-IPv4 relaying (translation) device firmware # firmware assist module # The `bpf' device enables the Berkeley Packet Filter. # Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this! # Note that 'bpf' is required for DHCP. device bpf # Berkeley packet filter # USB support device uhci # UHCI PCI->USB interface device ohci # OHCI PCI->USB interface device ehci # EHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 2.0) device usb # USB Bus (required) #device udbp # USB Double Bulk Pipe devices device ugen # Generic device ukbd # Keyboard device umass # Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da device ums # Mouse
